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Robert Leiber, S.J. (10 April 1887 – 18 February 1967) was a close advisor to Pope Pius XII, a Jesuit priest from Germany, and Professor for Church History at the Gregorian University in Rome from 1930 to 1960. He was, according to biographer Susan Zuccotti, "throughout his entire papacy his private secretary and closest advisor". 〔Zuccotti, Susan. 2000. ''Under his very Windows, The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy''. New Haven and London: Yale University Press; ISBN 0-300-08487-0, pp. 59, 81, 93, 200.〕 ==Biography== Before 1924, Leiber worked with Ludwig Pastor on the publication of his 20-volume ''Papal History''. From 1924–29, he was advisor to Eugenio Pacelli while he was Nuncio in Munich and in Berlin. While Professor at the Gregorian, he continued advising Pacelli, who was then Cardinal Secretary of State. After Pacelli was elected to the papacy as Pope Pius XII in 1939, Leiber helped and advised him until the Pope's death on 9 October 1958. He assisted Pius XII in researching the topics for his speeches and radio messages. Leiber was one of an "impromptu band of willing Jesuits" whom Pius XII employed "checking and double-checking every reference" in his written works.〔Cornwell, John, ''Hitler's Pope: The Secret History of Pius XII''. Viking Press (1999); ISBN 0-670-87620-8, pp. 149, 349.〕 Leiber, stationed at the Pontifical Gregorian University, three miles from the Vatican, complained after Pius XII's death that he was often expected to "drop whatever he was doing and hasten to the Vatican", taking public transportation.〔 As the Pope's trusted Private Secretary, Leiber acted at the intermediary between Pius XII and the German Resistance. He met with Joseph Muller, who visited Rome in 1939 and 1940 to obtain assistance from the Pope in acting as an intermediary between the Resistance and the Allies in the lead up to a planned coup against Hitler.〔Peter Hoffmann; ''The History of the German Resistance 1933-1945''; 3rd edn. (1st English edn); McDonald & Jane's; London; 1977; pp. 161, 294〕 Later in the war, Leiber remained the point of contact for communications from Colonel-General Ludwig Beck in the lead up to the 1944 July Plot.〔 After World War II, Pius XII charged Leiber and Bea with investigating the activities of Gertrud Luckner (later declared Righteous among the Nations), the pioneer of a German Catholic philo-Semitic and pro-Israel movement.〔Phayer, Michael. 2000. ''The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930–1965''. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press; ISBN 0-253-33725-9, pp. xvii, 57, 102, 166-167, 176, 199, 207, 221, 237, 239.〕 The Holy Office in 1948 issued a monitum (or warning) to the group, due to concerns that the group's pro-Zionist activities were "encouraging religious indifferentism (the belief that one religion is as good as the next)". Leiber concluded in April 1950 there was nothing theologically wrong with the work of Luckner; Bea went further, actually affirming it.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Leiber」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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